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Liars & Truthtellers
A traveller comes to a fork in the road and
does not know how to get to his destination.
Two men are at the fork in the road.
One of them always tells the truth, and the other one always lies.
He may ask the men one question to find his way.
What question does the man ask these men?
He asks them,
"If I ask the other man which way to go, what would his answer be?"
They would both answer in the same way.
Whatever the answer is, go the other way.
If the man you ask always tells the truth, then the other always lies.
The man you ask will tell truthfully that the answer would be the wrong way.
If the man you ask always lies, then the other man tells the truth.
The man you ask will lie and tell you that the other man would tell you the wrong way.
In both cases the answer you would receive would be the wrong way.
Go the other way.